X-Men

X-Men is a comic book team that first appeared in X-Men #1




The X-Men is a super group in the Marvel Universe that center around Professor Charles Xavier and his school for mutants. Key characters include Cyclops, Jean Grey, Storm, Professor X and Wolverine.

Original X-Men

Professor X, Cyclops, Marvel Girl, Beast, Iceman, & Angel
Professor X, Cyclops, Marvel Girl, Beast, Iceman, & Angel
During growing hostilities between humans and mutants on the rise, Professor Charles Xavier created the original team by bringing together five promising young mutants: Jean Grey, Scott Summers, Henry McCoy, Robert Drake, and Warren Worthington III with the purpose of training them to use their powers for the benefit of mankind. He named this team the X-Men because of the extra abilities they all possessed as mutants. So that the team could operate covertly without blowing their cover they were all given code-names. Bobby Drake, the youngest member of the group and class clown, chose the obvious name Iceman because of his ability to create and manipulate ice. The brilliant Hank McCoy selected the name Beast for his disproportionate bodily features as well as his agility, strength, and acrobatic abilities. Because he possessed large, white, feathered wings stemming from his upper back, Warren Worthington aptly chose the name Angel (later to be known as Archangel). Scott Summers chose the name Cyclops because of the single eye-piece of the protective visor that he was forced to wear in order to control his optic blast. The only female member of the group, Jean Grey selected the name Marvel Girl for herself. The team was located at the estate of their mentor at Professor Charles Xavier's School for Gifted Youngsters at 1407 Greymalkin Lane in Salem Center, Westchester County, New York. Along with the many aspects of a conventional education, the students received practical training in the use of their abilities both in the controlled environment of the Danger Room on school grounds, as well as the real-life training that field missions gave them.

Early on the team employed its training in the real world both trying to locate other mutants and to fight against mutant terrorists. On several occasions they battled against Xavier's former friend Magneto and his Brotherhood Of Evil Mutants. Notable early enemies (many of which were brotherhood members) included Magneto, Unus the Untouchable, the Vanisher, the Sentinels, the Scarlet Witch, Quicksilver, Toad, the Juggernaut, the Blob, Mimic, and the Super-Adaptoid. Later additions to the original five included Cyclops' brother Havok as well as Magneto's daughter Polaris. The Mimic was also a team member briefly, but only after blackmailing the team and was the only member to be kicked off the team.

Line ups:

  • Professor X, Cyclops, Marvel Girl, Beast, Iceman, Angel
  • Professor X , Cyclops, Marvel Girl, Beast, Iceman, Angel, Mimic, Changeling
  • Professor X , Cyclops, Marvel Girl, Beast, Iceman, Angel, Polaris, Havok

 

Deadly Genesis

New Wave of X-Men
New Wave of X-Men
After being sent to Krakoa, a remote island in the middle of the pacific ocean to investigate a powerful mutant signal, the team was captured. Only Cyclops was able to escape and make his way home. It was originally believed that Professor X then had to round up a new team (of older mutants) from around the world to rescue the group consisting of Nightcrawler, the original Thunderbird, Colossus, Storm, Wolverine, Sunfire and Banshee. Led by Cyclops, this new team went back to Krakoa to discover that the island Krakoa was the mutant they were sent to investigate, and had captured the team for sustenance. After freeing the captive X-Men, Polaris was able to lift the island into space. The actual events surrounding the Krakoa incident were actually quite different. After losing his first team, Xavier co-opted a group of Moira MacTaggert's students in order to rescue his original team. This group of young mutants consisted of Petra, Sway, Darwin, and the third Summers brother Vulcan. Xavier also visited the then White Queen of the Hellfire Club Emma Frost to offer an invitation to join his team. Her refusal most likely saved her from becoming the fifth member of this team. The team was ill-prepared for what would await them on Krakoa, and was quickly dismantled by the island. Vulcan survived by absorbing the powers of his fallen comrades, and when the island was launched into space he remained in stasis inside the island. To salvage what was left of his new team, Xavier removed all memories of the first rescue team, violating their minds and their trust.


Line Ups:

  • Professor X , Cyclops, Marvel Girl, Beast, Iceman, Angel, Polaris, Havok, Banshee, Colossus, Nightcrawler, Storm, Sunfire, Thunderbird, Wolverine

 

1980's X-Men:

Inferno
Inferno
In the 1980's the growing popularity of the X-Men produced other titles such as The New Mutants, X-Factor, and Excalibur. This created several important crossovers involving the X-Men including The Fall of the Mutants, Inferno, and the Mutant Massacre.

The new additions included Dazzler, Forge, Longshot, Psylocke, Rogue, and Rachel Summers.

Professor X left the X-Men to be with Lilandra in space and Magneto lead the X-Men for a time.

New villains included  Madelyne Pryor, Apocalypse, Mister Sinister, and Sabretooth.

1990's X-Men:

The X-Men return to Westchester, New York and Professor X returns back to Earth.

The New Mutants were turned into X-Force lead by Cable.

The original X-Men abandoned X-Factor and returned to the X-Men. Beast had developed blue fur and Angel was transformed into Archangel (Apocalypse's Horsemen of Death). Havok and Polaris with a few other mutants formed a new, government-affiliated X-Factor.

The X-Men split up into two group; the "blue team," consisting of Beast, Psylocke, Rogue, Gambit, Cyclops and Wolverine (X-Men); and the "gold team," consisting of Colossus, Iceman, Archangel, Jean Grey, Storm, and Bishop (Uncanny X-Men). Professor X, Jubilee, Banshee and Forge stayed on as non-combatant X-Men only helping when needed.

Many X-Overs included:

" The X-Tinction Agenda" The government of Genosha captured mutants and used them as prison labor.

" The Muir Island Saga" The original X-Factor and Xavier returned to the X-Men to deal with the evil Shadow King.

  • " X-Cutioner's Song" Cable's clone and arch-enemy Stryfe, framed the X-Force leader for an attempt on Professor X's life. He also captured and tormented Cyclops and Jean Grey, the genetic parents of both Cable and Stryfe, who were revealed to be time-travelers.
  • " Fatal Attractions" Magneto returned, ripping out Wolverine's adamantium and forcing Xavier to mind wipe him. Continues in " Bloodties" and causes the "Onslaught" X-Over.
  • " Phalanx Covenant" A collective consciousness infected with the Transmode Virus infiltrated the X-Mansion, kidnapped a small bunch of previously unknown mutants and plotted to eliminate mutant-kind. This crossover results in the teenage mutant group, Generation X.
  • "Legion Quest" Professor X is killed by his time-traveling son Legion before he had ever formed the X-Men. This causes an alternate reality to unfolded in which Apocalypse rules North America and Magneto leads the X-Men as a resistance force ( Age of Apocalypse).
  • " Onslaught" Professor X lost control of his powers, producing an evil, near-omnipotent secondary personality called Onslaught, which battled the X-Men, The Avengers, and the Fantastic Four.
  • " Operation: Zero Tolerance" An anti-mutant army is given government license to hunt down the X-Teams and other mutants.


Current Teams


The current X-Men and related teams are:

Astonishing X-Men: Emma Frost, Cyclops, Beast, Colossus, Wolverine, Storm, and Armor

X-Men Legacy
: Currently this comic is following Xavier's attempts to rebuild his mind after the events of Messiah Complex. Recently, Rogue, Gambit, and Mystique have joined Xavier in X-Men Legacy. Rogue is still trying to sort through her memories along with Mystique, and Gambit is assisting Xavier in talking to Rogue.

Uncanny X-Men: Largely the same team as in Astonishing. Notable additions are, Karma, Pixie, Angel, Dazzler, and Nightcrawler.

New Mutants: Having reformed after the return of Illyana Rasputin the  team now consists of Cannonball, Magma, Sunspot, Dani Moonstar and Karma.

Young X-Men: Original team:  Blindfold, Dust Ink, Rockslide and Wolf Cub (now deceased). Current line-up: Dust, Greymalkin, Ink, Rockslide, Anole with Sunspot and Dani Moonstar acting as mentors.

X-Factor: Madrox, M, Siryn, Strong Guy, Rictor, Longshot and Darwin

X-Force: Wolverine, Warpath, X-23, Archangel, Elixir , Domino, and Wolfsbane.

X-Club: Beast, Angel, Psylocke, Dr. Kavita Rao, Dr. James Bradley, Dr. Takiguchi, and Madison Jeffries

Exiles - The current Exiles lineup is: Morph, Sabretooth, Psylocke, Kitty Pryde(now deceased), Mystiq ue, Sage Rogue and Gambit have both left the team. A secondary team is now also active their line up is: Blink, Scarlet Witch, Black Panther, Forge, Polaris, Beast.  

Original X-Men Spin-Off

X-Men: First Class Vol. 1

The original X-Men team; Cyclops, Iceman, Marvel Girl, Beast and Angel, face off new nemesis and team-up with other super heroes. They face off a living plant in Greenland, they enter the mind of Professor Xavier, team-up with Dr. Strange, Thor and Gorilla Man The team also deal with Skrulls, the Lizard and work love problems with Angel and the Scarlet Witch.

X-Men: First Class Special

In this one issue Iceman and Beast try to recruit a museum "statue". The team listens to bad poems and we figure out that Jean had a pet dragon.

X-Men: First Class Vol. 2

A new series goes on with Jean having some girl bonding with the Invisible Girl. Have the team isolated in Island X where Mastermind tricks them to stay there. The team takes some vacations. They face off the Hulk and lose their powers during a Sentinel attack. Later because of a Catalyst they over power and defeat the Sentinels. Later then the X-Men see their future selves and how they could end up. Showing Iceman as a huge monster, Beast is a beast and Jean is a Phoenix. Later the Scarlet Witch is auditioned to be a SHIELD agent and then turns them down. After a mission everybody gets sick except for Cyclops so he has to deal with a maniac and death. The team later teams-up with the Continueteens and defeat Mysterio. The Team then gets a sudden change in members since Angel finds a civilization where he's accepted no matter how he looked while looking for his aunt. While Angel was enjoying being accepted the X-Men get an android as a 5th member of the X-Men, but it turned out that he ended up being consumed by lava because he wanted to look human but couldn´t although Jean saved his brain. Back home the team talked on how they missed Angel.


Alternate Realities

Earth-295

The X-Men of the Age of Apocalypse reality was led by Magneto. There were two teams and members included Rogue, Blink, Iceman, Sabretooth, Morph, Banshee, Storm, Dazzler, Exodus, Nightcrawler, Quicksilver, Sunfire and Wild Child.

Earth-1610

Ultimate X-Men
Ultimate X-Men
Professor Xavier starts an X-Men team which includes Cyclops, Marvel Girl (Jean Grey), Storm, Beast and Colossus. Later while fighting Sentinels the team recruited Iceman. The Brotherhood of Mutants sent a spy to infiltrate the X-Men group to kill Professor X. They sent Wolverine. Magneto, The Scarlet Witch, Quicksilver, Toad, Multiple Man, The Blob and Mastermind form the Brotherhood and they had kidnapped the President´s daughter. The X-Men saved her and in the last moment Wolverine had a change of heart and instead of killing Xavier he tried to kill Magneto, while he sent Sentinels o kill humans. In the end Xavier killed Magneto with the help of Quicksilver and Scarlet Witch.

Xavier then started helping Wolverine to find out where were the people who gave him the metal implants. Weapon X did all the implants and they found it. Then the X-men were abducted by Weapon X and were tortured, they even made Beast blue. 
Ultimate Alpha Flight arrived and seemingly kill Iceman and now the X-Men face these strange super powered team.  

Banshee aftermath
Banshee aftermath
Beast puts Iceman back together but Alpha Flight arrive to take Northstar, something that Colossus isn't very happy about. Alpha Flight was under the influence of a power enhancing drug called Banshee. Taking Northstar had Colossus mad so Dazzler, Nightcrawler, Rouge and him went after Alpha Flight. Cyclops went along to prevent anything stupid from happening. The Acolytes appeared into the picture and caused the death of Northstar. Colossus and the rest of the people who went along went under Banshee drug and enhanced their powers. Dazzler could maneuver her powers to create anything, Rouge could keep the power she absorbed, Nightcrawler could go to greater lengths, Colossus became stronger, and Cyclops could control his eye beams and fly.

Jean Grey had taken it into her own hands to lead the X-Men and she was driving them around pretty hard. Nightcrawler contacted her saying that they needed help from themselves because they were addicted to the power enhancer. Wolverine had figured out that he was positive to have been dosed with Banshee so he went to Peter Parker for help to sort things out. Kitty and Peter were dealing with Banshee addicts themselves when Wolverine arrived. Peter explained that he was positive because he was Banshee the drug was made by taking properties of him. The X-men went after the addicted X-Men and fought it off. Jean went off for a moment while she talked to her father as Phoenix when then she fell unconscious. Logan blamed Colossus for it so he took his heart out for it.

Both X-Men embark on a flight until Phoenix stops it all. Everyone cools down for the exception of Cyclops that flies to the moon. During the fight Wolverine looses a leg to Colossus. Phoenix show to Colossus that Northstar is OK except that he is paralyzed from the waist down. Colossus and Wolverine are fixed up by Jean after that and then Jean heads to the moon. Wolverine using some of the Banshee Colossus bought he tracked it down to Muir Island blaming Xavier for it. Jean talked to Scott and after that he said he wanted to keep the power the Banshee started wearing off so she put his glasses back on. The Prof. was who created Banshee from Wolverine along with Magneto but Moira distributed it. She fought Wolverine with her "Screaming" powers. In the end Wolverine destroyed the whole facility. Quicksilver then arrived an told Moira that Magneto had newer plans for the near future.

20 Years into the future a new X-Men team that consisted of Captain America, Wolverine, Shadowcat, Rouge and a male Phoenix wanted to prevent the events of Ultimatum so they traveled back in time to stop it.


Reed and Sue were going to go on a date when the future X-Men arrived trying to kill Reed. Reed not having any internal organs couldn't be killed so they kidnapped him. The rest of the Fantastic Four went to the present X-Men for help. Reed discovered that the future male Phoenix was actually his son Franklin Richards. Then future Wolverine attempted to kill Phoenix. Then the rest of the future X-Men discovered that future Wolverine was actually a Sentinel from the future. By the time the FF and present X-Men got there many Wolverine Sentinels had been destroyed had killed Rouge and had taken Reed into the future. Captain America was dying and Jean unmasked him revealing he was actually Scott. He told the group that himself, Jean and the original Cap had been stripped away of their powers so he took over a s Captain America after Steve Rodgers aged 100 years, then he died. In the future Iceman was captured by the Sentinels and Reed escaped his cell when he followed a trail of fire. Thinking it to be Johnny he then saw the future Fantastic Four: Invisible Woman, Iron Thing, Namor and Firestar.


The future X-Men, or what was left of them told the present X-Men and FF that the reason that they needed to stop it all was because the new ruler was getting rid of mutants. That new ruler was Sue. Future Sue convinced present Reed to fix a machine that would strip away people of their powers just like Cyclops´s Reed gave to her request while the present X-Men, present FF, and future X-men went into the future to find out what was going on. Ben and Firestar found out that both of them in the future were in love and Iceman found himself being killed by Namor. Sue met Nihil again then just to find out that he was actually future Reed. Future Phoenix turned everyone in to his mother. Reed then took away future Sue´s powers since clearly she had gone crazy because of her brother´s death. Everyone let the future hero´s free from a prison in the N-Zone Sue had made to maintain the super powered heroes. The present FF and X-men went back to their own time and Sue and Reed left to be alone. Sue told Reed she was worried that would eventually happen to them, but Reed assured that it would not. Sue left and then from a drawer Reed took out a ring, sure that, that future would not happen.

It's Tuesday 4:12 PM. Alison Blaire, Warren Worthington III, Hank McCoy and Kurt Wagner are on Broadway trying to get tickets for a show while Bruce Banner passes.

It's Tuesday 4:13 PM. New York is underwater.

At Broadway, Angel swims out of the water and takes Dazzler with him, apparently dead.

It's 5:02 PM. At Westchester the Professor of The Xavier Institute falls of his wheelchair. Prof. X tells Cyclops and Wolverine that Nightcrawler, Beast and Dazzler "are gone". Then, telepathically Xavier tells all superheroes, that he knows who is responsible for this events, and that all of them have to unite against this threat, to stop Magneto.

At Asteroid M, Magneto sits on a throne with Thor's hammer besides him and says: "Yes, bring them Charles. Bring everyone. So I can tell them myself. For what they've done. They will pay the ultimate price!"

In Ultimate X-Men #100 we find that The Academy of Tomorrow has been attacked by Madrox on behalf of Magneto. There are several multiples of Madrox with bombs strapped to their chest and when the Cyclops, Iceman and Rogue arrive the school is in flames and Northstar and Polaris are shown as dead. It is assumed that anyone inside has perished.

Earth-2182

In Nocturne's home reality the X-Men were led by Wolverine. Members were Nocturne, Nightcrawler, Thunderbird (Warpath), Shadowcat, Phoenix (The Phoenix Force inhabiting Colossus' dead body) and Armageddon.

Earth-928

The X-Men of 2099 were Cerebra, Krystalin, Desert Ghost, Meanstreak, Bloodhawk, La Lunatica, Skullfire, Metalhead, Sham, Junkpile and Serpentina.

Main article: X-Men 2099.

Earth-9997

The X-Men on Earth X were led by Cyclops, just calling himself Mr. S. Members were Dogface, Tower, Double-Header, Charmer and Mermaid.

Earth-1298

The X-men in the Mutant X reality was led by Magneto. Members were Mystique, Nightcrawler, Polaris, Quicksilver, Rogue and Cerebro.

The Original Line-up was Beast(Brute), Angel(Fallen), Jean Grey, Havok and Iceman.

Former members included Bloodstorm, Shadowcat and Colossus.

Earth-15104

The X-Men of the Here Comes Tomorrow reality was lead by Cassandra Nova. Members were Wolverine, Beak (Tito Bohusk), Tom Skylark and Rover, E.V.A. and Martha Johanson.

Earth-1815

In this reality, where the Exiles were sent on their first mission, Professor X was evil and intended to kill all humans. He lead the X-Men, and members included: Juggernaut, Chamber, Domino, Human Torch and Spider-Woman (Jessica Drew).

X-men NOIR:

In this reality (set in the 1930's), the X-men are a gang of sociopaths (instead of mutants) who were led by the now incarcerated physicist Professor Charles Xavier. Professor Xavier believes sociopath is the next step in human evolution. The X-men are framed for killing their own member Jean Grey by way of three cuts over the back and face. Leader of the police force known as " The Brotherhood" named Magnus is put in charge of the investigation. As the search for the X-men continues more and more of them are found dead. When a member of the city's police tracks down the X-men's new leader Scott Summers and is informed that someone is setting them up. When he tells them to go to the police Scott responds. "We're the X-men, and no one is on our side". Meanwhile a mysterious man in a bright red cape is investigating the crimes himself. After Warren Worthington is thrown from a roof top and Hank McCoy is shot and killed in a run in with The Brotherhood, Magnus orders the Brotherhood to take down Sebastian Shaw (a powerful mob boss) and his Hellfire Club. Magnus believes with the X-men out of his way and the Hellfire club killed off, the city will be "his".  He meets with Anne-Marie Rankin to learn the whereabouts of the last few X-men but she kills him instead. The caped figure later realizes that Jean Grey is not dead. What happened was that she killed Anne-Marie Rankin and took her place, because she wanted to avoid being studied by Xavier or exploited by Magnus. She then says she knows that the caped figure cannot kill her and pulls a gun on him but he then reveals that he is the twin brother of who she thinks he is and then pushes her off the roof causing them both to fall to their death. His twin, accompanied by Scott finds their bodies and says that he lost him years ago by what he had become. He recants about how when he and his brother both worked at a prison they started the whole cape thing because it made the inmates think he was in two places at the same time (making it seem like he has super powers). They meet up with Logan and sail off together.


Other Mediums:


Animated appearances:


The Marvel Superheroes

The X-Men made their first animated appearance on the 1960s The Marvel Superheros.  This was a Television series with all the original X-Men line-up ( Angel, Beast, Cyclops, Jean Grey, and the Iceman ). Originally, Grantray-Lawrence Animation wanted to make a Fantastic Four cartoon but Hannah Barabara got the rights to it, so they substituted them with the X-Men. The X-Men made their appearance in the Sub-Mariner episode "Dr. Doom's Day". Strangely enough, they were never actually referred to as the X-Men. They were, instead, referred to as the Allies for Peace. The characters were however, all went by their names from the comics and had their original designs from the comics as well.

Magneto also made a guest appearance on Hannah Barabara's Fantastic four Cartoon. Reed Richards bamboozles him by using a wooden gun and when Magneto tries to manipulate he cannot and thinks powers have faded.

Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends 
Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends 

Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends

Having two members of the X-men ( Iceman and Firestar) as regulars on the show it only makes sense that the X-Men guest-starred in quite a few episodes of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends, starting with a flashback in "The Origin of Iceman". Appearing in this episode are the original X-men ( Angel, Beast, Cyclops, Jean Grey, and the Iceman) and Professor Xavier.

The X-Men's next appearance in this show was in the episode "A Firestar is Born", including appearances from Professor X, Cyclops, Angel, Wolverine, Storm, and even Juggernaut (plus Magneto and a Sentinel in cameo appearances).


Pryde of the X-Men 
Pryde of the X-Men 

Pryde of the X-Men television pilot

In 1989,Marvel Productions made a pilot episode for a potential X-Men  series. The pilot was entitled Pryde of the X-men. It followed Kitty Pryde joining up with the X-men. This series featured Profressor Xavier, Cyclops, Storm, Colossus, Nightcrawler and Wolverine. It also had several members of the brotherhood including Magneto, Toad, Juggernaut, Pyro, The White Queen and many others for the X-men to fight. The series was never picked up.

In 1991, a six-player arcade game (and a four-player version) was based upon the pilot starring Colossus, Cyclops, Dazzler, Nightcrawler, Storm, and Wolverine. Kitty Pryde and Professor X also appear.


X-men: The Animated Series


 X-Men: The Animated Series
 X-Men: The Animated Series
Also known as plainly: X-men premiered in 1992 with it's unfinished pilot entitled Night of the Sentinels Part 1. It was run on Fox's Saturday morning line up. It's team regular roster was made up of Professor Xavier, Cyclops, Jean Grey, Rogue, Gambit, Wolverine, Storm, and Beast. The show did feature other X-men as well. Such X-men were Colossus, Nightcrawler, Forge, Havok, Polaris, Cannonball, Banshee, the Iceman, Angel, Longshot Cable, Bishop and a original character named Morph (who would later be introduced in the comic universe in the Exiles comics).

The show was immensely popular and lasted 5 seasons.

When it aired in Japan it got an entirely new opening complete with animeesque animation and jap-pop lyrics. The rest of the show was basically the same. The series also spawned it's own comic spin-off which was entitled X-men: Adventures. This series lasted 15 issues and then was canceled.


X-men: Evolution


X-Men: Evolution
X-Men: Evolution
The WB tried it's own X-men show in 2003. It was called X-men evolution. It's orignal team roster consisted of: Professor Xavier, Cyclops, Jean Grey, Wolverine, and Storm. They are joined by Nightcrawler, Shadow Cat, Spyke, Rogue, and Beast.

The show lasted 4 seasons before it was canceled. This show also inspired a comic book spin-off but it was canceled after 9 issues due to low sales.

 Wolwerine and The X-Men
 Wolwerine and The X-Men

Wolverine and the X-men


Currently Nickelodeon is running their X-men animated series.

 
 
 
 

 

Films:


The X-Men film franchise has created three X-men films and a Wolverine spin-off film. Also Fox plans to do a Magneto film in 2010, A Deadpool film in 2011, and a Gambit film in 2012.

Team Name: X-Men
Publisher: Marvel Publishing
1st Appearance: X-Men #1
Appears in: 2104 issues
Disbanded in:
Add a new issue...
Volume 1
X-Heist (Part 2)
The Icy Beginning

X-Men: The Last Stand X-Men: The Last Stand
The final film of the original X-Men trilogy. Sort of followed the Dark Phoenix Saga storyline.
X2: X-Men United X2: X-Men United
The second movie of the original X-Men trilogy. Brings on a new villain, William Stryker.
X-Men X-Men
The original X-Men movie, many of the things established in it have since been retconned however.
Potential Allies
a list of 15 items by The Pariah
Marvel Teams
a list of 14 items by Sipsi
Maximillion: My Favourites
a list of 7 items by Maximillion


Elixir95
1,100 points

fesak
948 points

xerox-kitty
736 points

Logan X
726 points

Abnormally Warm Guy
601 points


You are in Edit Mode. Make sure to save your work at the end!!
  • Submissions can take 24 hours to be moderated.
  • Please leave a comment to explain why you're making this change.
Save Changes Cancel