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Hera Respect Thread

Respect Hera, Queen of the Gods:

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Hera is the Queen of the Immortals, revered and honored by all throughout Olympus. She is also the most beautiful:

"I sing of golden-throned Hera whom Rhea bare. Queen of the Immortals is she, surpassing all in beauty: she is the sister and wife of loud-thundering Zeus,--the glorious one whom all the blessed throughout high Olympos reverence and honour even as Zeus who delights in thunder."

Source: Homeric Hymn 12 to Hera (trans. Evelyn-White)

Hera can cause showers and winds, can produce all things known by mortals and life, and can sway the universe with sounding blasts of wind and swelling seas and rolling rivers, all shaken at her will:

"O royal Hera, of majestic mien, aerial-formed, divine, Zeus' blessed queen, throned in the bosom of cerulean air, the race of mortals is thy constant care. The cooling gales they power alone inspires, which nourish life, which every life desires. Mother of showers and winds, from thee alone, producing all things, mortal life is known: all natures share thy temperament divine, and universal sway alone is thine, with sounding blasts of wind, the swelling sea and rolling rivers roar when shook by thee. Come, blessed Goddess, famed almighty queen, with aspect kind, rejoicing and serene."

Source: Orphic Hymn 16 to Hera (trans. Taylor)

Hera is deathless and undying:

"And they, even gold-tressed Leto and wise Zeus, rejoice in their great hearts as they watch their dear son playing among the undying gods."

Source: Homeric Hymn 3 to Pythian Apollo (trans. Evelyn-White)

"The Olympian Lightener [Zeus] called all the deathless gods to great Olympos, and said that whosoever of the gods would fight with him against the Titenes, he would not cast him out from his rights, but each should have the office which he had before amongst the deathless gods; he said, too, that the god who under Kronos had gone without position or privilege should under him be raised to these, according to justice."

Source: Hesiod, Theogony 390 ff (trans. Evelyn-White)

"[Zeus] the son of Kronos and the other deathless gods whom rich-haired Rhea bare from union with Kronos, brought them [the stormy Hekatonkheires] up again to the light at Gaia's (Earth's) advising."

Source: Hesiod, Theogony 617 ff

"The boundless sea rang terribly around, and the earth crashed loudly: wide Heaven was shaken and groaned, and high Olympos reeled from its foundation under the charge of the undying gods, and a heavy quaking reached dim Tartaros and the deep sound of their feet in the fearful onset and of their hard missiles."

Source: Hesiod, Theogony 617 ff

Hera was a participant of the Titanomachy, a war of universal proportions:

"The boundless sea rang terribly around, and the earth crashed loudly: wide Heaven was shaken and groaned, and high Olympos reeled from its foundation under the charge of the undying gods, and a heavy quaking reached dim Tartaros and the deep sound of their feet in the fearful onset and of their hard missiles. So, then, they launched their grievous shafts upon one another, and the cry of both armies as they shouted reached to starry heaven; and they met together with a great battle-cry."

Source: Hesiod, Theogony 617 ff

“Hera the Titan's daughter took strong part in the war against Kronos her father and helped Zeus in his fight."

Source: Nonnus, Dionysiaca 31. 264 ff (trans. Rouse)

Hera makes an infinite noise to restrain Dionysus's power:

"Hera also made an infinite noise resound through the air, to restrain the wrath of Dionysos’ fiery power."

Source: Nonnus, Dionysiaca 23. 280 ff

Hera's chariot is reared by four horses that are, in fact, the four seasons:

"Olen [semi-legendary poet], in his hymn to Hera, says that Hera was reared by the Horai (Seasons)."

Source: Pausanias, Description of Greece 2. 13. 3 (trans. Jones)

Hera creates the Milky Way unintentionally with her breast milk:

Zeus once conspired to place the infant Heracles at the breast of Hera. The goddess woke from her sleep, because of the roughness of the child, and pushed him away in disgust. The milk which flowed forth formed the Milky Way.

Source: (Hyginus 2.43)

Hera curses Io with an Erinyes (Fury), such that even Zeus had to beg Hera to stop:

"At once her [Hera's] wrath flared up [when Argos Panoptes was slain, the giant she had set to guard Zeus' lover Io, who had been transformed into a cow] and soon her anger was fulfilled. Before her rival’s [Io's] eyes and in her mind she set a frightful Erinys and deep down plunged blinding goads of fear; and Io fled a cowering fugitive through all the world. Her boundless travails found their end at last beside the Nile; there, falling on her knees, her head thrown back, she raised towards the stars all she could raise, her face; her groans and tears, her wild grief-laden lowings seemed to send a prayer to Jove [Zeus] to end her sufferings. And Jove [Zeus] pleaded with Juno [Hera], throwing his arms around her neck, to end the punishment at last."

Source: Ovid, Metamorphoses 1. 722 ff (trans. Melville)

Hera unleashes the Erinyes upon Athamas and Ino, driving them insane:

"[Hera travels to the Underworld to rouse the Erinyes against Athamas and Ino, the nurses of her hated stepson Dionysos :] Juno Saturnia [Hera] forced herself to go--so huge her hate and anger--from her home in heaven. She entered [the Underworld] and the threshold groaned under the holy tread . . . Juno called the Night-Born Sisters (sorores genitae nocte) [i.e. the Erinyes], divinities implacable, doom-laden. There they sat, guarding the dungeon’s adamantine doors, and combed the black snakes hanging in their hair. And when they recognised her through the gloom the Sisters rose. `The Dungeon of the Damned' that place is called [i.e. the prison of Tityos, Tantalos, Sisyphos, Ixion, the Danaides, and others] . . . At all of them, but chiefly at Ixion, Saturnia [Hera] glared, then turned her gaze to Sisyphus and `Why should he,' she said, `Of all the brothers suffer punishment for ever, while proud Athamas resides in a rich palace, who with his wife has always held me in contempt?'

She explained her hatred’s cause, and why she came, and what she wanted. What she wanted was the fall of Cadmus’ house and Athamas dragged down to crime and horror by those Sisters three [the Erinyes]. Prayers, promises and orders, all in one, she poured and begged their aid. When she had done, Tisiphone, dishevelled as she was, shook her white hair and tossed aside the snakes that masked her face. `There is no need’, she said, `Of rigmaroles. Count your commands as done. Leave this unlovely realm and make your way back home to the more wholesome airs of heaven.' . . .

Losing no time, malign Tisiphone seized a torch steeped in blood, put on a robe all red with dripping gore and wound a snake about her waist, and started from her home; and with her as he went were Luctus (Grief) and Pavor (Dread), Terror (Terror), and Insania (Madness) too with frantic face. She stood upon the threshold of the palace; the door-posts shook, it’s said; the maple doors turned pale, the sunlight fled. The monstrous sight terrified Ino, terrified Athamas. They made to leave the palace; in the entrance the baleful Erinys stood and barred their way, stretching her arms entwined with tangled snakes, and shaking out her hair. The snakes, dislodged, gave hissing sounds; some crawled upon her shoulders; some, gliding round her bosom, vomited a slime of venom, flickering their tongues and hissing horribly. Then from her hair she tore out two with a doom-charged aim darted them. Down the breasts of Athamas and Ino, winding, twisting, they exhaled their noisome breath; yet never any wound to see, the fateful fangs affect their minds. Tisiphone brought with her poisons too of magic power: lip-froth of Cerberus, the Echidna’s venom, wild deliriums, blindnesses of the brain, and crime and tears, and maddened lust for murder; all ground up, mixed with fresh blood, boiled in a pan of bronze, and stirred with a green hemlock stick. And while they shuddered there, she poured the poisoned brew, that broth of madness, over both their breasts right down into their hearts. Then round and round she waved her torch, fire following brandished fire. And so, her task accomplished, victory won, back to great Dis’ [Haides’] realm of wraiths she went, and loosed the snake she’d fastened round her waist. Then raving through the palace Aeolides [Athamas] shouted [and in his madness boiled his elder son alive and attempted to slay his wife and baby son who leapt off a cliff into the sea to escape him]."

Source: Ovid, Metamorphoses 4. 451 ff (trans. Melville)

"[From a description of an ancient Greek painting :] Athamas goaded on by madness. He was shown as naked, his hair reddened with blood and its locks flying in the wind, his eye distraught, himself filled with consternation; and he was armed not by madness alone for a rash deed, nor did he rage merely with the soul-consuming fears which the Erinyes (Furies) send; nay, he even held a sword out in front of him, like a man making a sally . . . Ino too was present, in a state of terror, trembling slightly, her face place and corpse-like though fright; and she embraced her infant child and held her breast to its lips, letting the nurturing drops fall on the nursling."

Source: Callistratus, Descriptions 14 (trans. Fairbanks)

Hera infects a fellow god, Dionysus (Bacchus) with madness:

"[Hera complains to Persephone :] `Come now, arm your Erinyes against wineface Bakkhos, that I may not see a bastard and a mortal king of Olympos . . . Be the avenger of my sorrow . . .'

The whole mind of Persephoneia was perturbed while she spoke, babbling deceit as the false tears bedewed her cheeks. Goddess bowed assent to goddess, and gave her [the Erinys] Megaira to go with her, that with her evil eye she might fulfil the desire of Hera’s jealous heart.

[At that time Dionysos was waging a war against the Indians.] Hera then shot away with stormwinged shoe : three strides she made, and the fourth brought her to Ganges. She pointed out to unsmiling Megaira the crowd of dead Indians, the sweat of the army and prowess of Dionysos. When the Erinys beheld the deathdealing feats of Lyaios, her jealous heart was furious even more than heavenly Hera. Then Hera was glad; and with a grim laugh she addressed the snakyhaired goddess in despondent voice : `See how the young kings of Olympos triumph! . . . Zeus has been delivered of one son from Semele, that he may destroy all the Indians in a mass, the gentle innocents! Let Zeus the lawbreaker learn, and Bakkhos, how great is the strength of Megaira! . . .'

With these words, she flew away through the upper air; and silently in a cave of the neighbouring Kaukasian cliff, Megaira cast off the terrible serpent shape, and waited there in the form of an owl until she should see great Zeus fall asleep, for that was Queen Hera’s command."

Source: Nonnus, Dionysiaca 31. 70 ff (trans. Rouse)

"The Erinys of many shapes wandered among the hills armed herself against Dionysos by Hera’s commands. She made a great rattling over Lyaios’ eyes, loudly cracking her snaky whip; she shook her head, and a deadly hiss issued from her quivering serpent-hair, terrible, and fountains of poison drenched the rocky wilderness ((lacuna)) . . At times, again, she showed a face like some wild beast; a mad and awful lion with thick bristles upon his neck, threatening Dionysos with bloody gape.

Then Artemis saw Bakkhos caught in a fit of mind-marauding madness, and would have driven the madness away, but Hera with heavy noise aloft cast a burning brand to scare her off . . .

Now Megaira black in her infernal robe went back into the darkness, and sent many spectral visions to Lyaios. Showers of poison-drops were shot upon the head of Bromios and big fat sparks; ever in his ears was the whistling sound of the hellish whip which robbed him of his senses.

Thus tormented in the lonely forest, Dionysos paced the ruthless mountains with wandering foot, shaken by terrible pantings . . . [He slew the beasts of the forest and pursued his own Nymphai, Bassarides and Satyroi across the hills]."

Source: Nonnus, Dionysiaca 32. 100 ff

Hera afflicts Herakles with madness:

"The Madness of Herakles . . . He tosses those who approach him and tramples on them, dribbling much foam from his mouth and smiling a grim and alien smile . . . His throat bellows, his neck dilates, and the veins about the neck swell, the veins through which all that feeds the disease flows up to the sovereign parts of the head. The Erinys (Fury) which has gained this mastery over him you have many times seen on the stage, but you cannot see her here; for she has entered into Herakles himself and she dances through his breast and leaps up inside him and muddles his mind."

Source: Philostratus the Elder, Imagines 2. 23 (trans. Fairbanks)

"[Hera rages against Herakles :] `Then on, my wrath, on, and crush this plotter [Herakles] of big things . . . Rouse the Eumenides from the lowest abyss of Tartarus; let them be here, let their flaming locks drop fire, and let their savage hands brandish snaky whips . . . Begin, [Erinyes] handmaids of Dis [Haides], make haste to brandish the burning pine; let Megaera lead on her band bristling with serpents and with baleful hand snatch a huge faggot from the blazing pyre. To work! claim vengeance for outraged Styx [i.e. the theft of Kerberos from the underworld]. Shatter his heart; let a fiercer flame scorch his spirit than rages in Aetna’s furnaces. That Alcides [Herakles] may be driven on, robbed of all sense, by mighty fury smitten, mine must be the frenzy first--Juno, why rav’st thou not? Me, ye sisters, me first, bereft of reason, drive to madness, if I am to plan some deed worthy a stepdame’s doing. Let my request be changed; may he come back and find his sons unharmed, that is my prayer, and strong of hand may he return. I have found the day when Hercules’ hated valour is to be my joy. Me has he overcome; now may he overcome himself and long to die, though late returned from the world of death. Herein may it profit me that he is the son of Jove [Zeus], I will stand by him and, that his shafts may fly from string unerring, I’ll poise them with my hand, guide the madman’s weapons, and so at last be on the side of Hercules in the fray. When he has done this crime, then let his father admit those hands to heaven!'"

Source: Seneca, Hercules Furens 75 & 100 ff (trans. Miller)

"[Herakles driven mad the Erinys cries out :] `Fiery Erinys cracks her brandished scourge, and closer, closer yet, holds out before my face brands burnt on funeral pyres. Cruel Tisiphone, her head with snakes encircled, since the dog [Kerberos] was stolen away has blocked the empty gate with her outstretched torch.'"

Source: Seneca, Hercules Furens 982 ff

Hera persuades Poseidon to return water to the city of Argos:

"They say that Poseidon inundated the greater part of the country [Argos] because Inakhos and his assessors decided that the land belonged to Hera and not to him. Now it was Hera who induced Poseidon to send the sea back, but the Argives made a sanctuary to Poseidon Prosklystios at the spot where the tide ebbed."

Source: Pausanias, Description of Greece 2. 22. 4 (trans. Jones)

Hera slays the Gigantes Phoitos:

http://www.theoi.com/image/K4.3Hera.jpg

Hera blinds Teiresias:

"Teiresias saw two snakes sexually couples in the area of Kyllene, and when he injured them he changed from a man into a woman. Later, seeing the same snakes again mating, he was changed back into a man. Thus, when Hera and Zeus were arguing as to whether men or women enjoy sex more, they put the question to Teiresias. He said that on a scale of ten, women enjoy it nine times to men’s one. Whereupon Hera blinded him, and Zeus gave him the power of prophecy."

Source: Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 3. 71 (trans. Aldrich)

Hera allows Jason and the Argonauts to pass the Clashing Rocks:

"They [the Argonauts] watched until the [Clashing] Rocks drew apart and then, by dint of vigorous rowing and Hera’s help, they made it through, although the tip of the ship’s curved poop was trimmed off."

Source: Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 1. 125 (trans. Aldrich)

Hera promises Paris the power to become the king of all men if she was chosen:

"[At the wedding of Peleus and Thetis:] Eris tossed an apple to Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite, in recognition of their beauty, and Zeus bade Hermes escort them to Alexandros [Paris] on Ide, to be judged by him. They offered Alexandros gifts: Hera said if she were chosen fairest of all women, she would make him king of all men; Athena promised him victory in war; and Aphrodite promised him Helene in marriage. So he chose Aphrodite."

Source: Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca E3. 2 (trans. Aldrich)

Hera promises Paris kingship over all Asia, and all the wealth that he desires:

As he hesitated, Hera said, "Choose me, shepherd, and I will make you ruler of all Asia, and give you all the wealth that you desire."

Source: Classical Mythology: Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome

Hera stirs spirit and strength in each Greek warrior:

"So she spoke, and stirred the spirit and strength in each man."

Source: Homer, Iliad 5. 711 ff

Hera defeats Artemis in battle:

"[The gods took sides in the battle between the army of Dionysos and the Indians:] Against Hera came highland Artemis as champion for hillranging Dionysos, and rounded her bow straight. Hera as ready for conflict seized one of the clouds of Zeus, and compressed it across her shoulders where she held it as a shield proof against all; and Artemis shot arrow after arrow moving through the airy vault in vain against that mark, until her quiver was empty, and the cloud still unbroken she covered thick with arrows all over. It was the very image of a flight of cranes moving in the air and circling one after another in the figure of a wreath: the arrows were stuck in the dark cloud, but the veil was untorn and the wounds without blood. Then Hera picked up a rough missile of the air, a frozen mass of hail, circled it and struck Artemis with the jagged mass. The sharp stony lump broker the curves of the bow. But the consort of Zeus did not stop the fight there, but struck Artemis flat on the skin of the breast, and Artemis smitten by the weapon of ice emptied her quiver upon the ground."

Source: Nonnus, Dionysiaca 36. 28 ff (trans. Rouse)
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