Pein possesses the Rinnegan, the same eye technique that the first ninja and inventor of the ninja world possessed, whom was called Rokudo. The Rinnegan is said to be the most illustrious of the three eye techniques, said to be a tool of god that can either bring salvation or reduce everything to nothingness.

Pein, the leader of the Rain village

Pein lead one side of a civil war in the Rain village and killed Hanzo, thus becoming the new leader of the Rain village. But he didn't stop with Hanzo, he killed Hanzo's family, friends, and associates.

Nobody in the village knows whether or not Pein really exists, everything known about him is from rumors. They've never seen him fight and they don't even know how he killed Hanzo. The people however respect Pein and revere him as a god, if only out of respect. They only know that he his base is the highest building in the village where he watches over all of them.

During the sealing of the Three-Tailed Demon, Hidan became frustrated and wanted to know what Pein's plan is. Pein explained that Akatsuki is going to be a ninja monopoly. Pt. 1 of the plan is that they are gathering money to help establish a an independent Shinobi village, paying no allegiance to any country. Pt. 2 is to offer their services for a mere pittance of what other villages would charge, even using the Bijuu they capture to stir conflict. That comes to pt. 3. the other ninja villages will go broke and the countries that rely on them for security and revenue will collapse, that is where Akatsuki will step in and effectively rule the world.

Possible connections to Konan?

After Deidara died, Konan and Pein await on the arrival of a shadowed figure. This shadowed figure tells them of Sasuke's potential. This person then tells Pein to order the remaining members to capture their Bijuus and tells Pein to capture Naruto, but warns him of Naruto's power. Konan interjects, reminding their guest that Pein has never been defeated, which returns a laugh from the mysterious person. As the person begins to leave, he reminds them how by working together that both of their goals will be achieved... and is revealed to be none other than Tobi. After Tobi departs, Konan comments "the sky is crying. Pein, you..."

From his base, he realized due to an obstruction in his rain's fall that someone had entered his village, someone dangerous, though he does not realize it is Jiraiya. He stops the rain for Konan to send out her origami spies to find the intruder. After she left, he went into a room with 6 tables and 5 bodies laying on those tables. He laid down on the empty table, closed his eyes, then he left to find the intruder in another body, his Beast Realm body.

He found Konan being questioned by Jiraiya and freed her with a summon, a giant lobster. However Jiraiya destroyed his summon and captured Pein and started questioning him. Confident in his victory, he decided to tell Jiraiya his plan. He was going to use the bijuu to create a new technique which would destroy entire countries, he believes the pain this technique causes will stop people from fighting ever again. But when Jiraiya dealt the death blow, it was revealed that Pein used a substitution technique to escape, he then appeared riding a chameleon-like chimera.

Pein went inside the chameleon's mouth and they became invisible, Pein then summoned a giant multi-headed dog that spit into many different dogs, a giant bird, and a giant yak, but Jiraiya and his summon fought them all off.

Standing above Jiraiya

After Jiraiya activated Hermit Mode, and the two new toad summons on his shoulders destroyed Pein's chameleon-like chimera, Pein summoned two of his other 5 bodies, the Hungry Ghost Realm and Hell Realm bodies. Hell attacked first but was struck aside and blinded, impressing Pein. Hungry Ghost then blocked and absorbed Jiraiya's ninjutsu. Jiraiya used another ninjutsu, but Hungry Ghost once again blocked and absorbed the technique. When Hell attempted to attack Jiraiya from behind, one of Jiraiya's summons created a smokescreen as Jiraiya countered and attacked Hell, but thanks to one of the Rinnegan's uses, was able to block the "unseen" attack by being able to see what the other bodies see, but Jiraiya didn't realize this fact right away and attacked Beast from behind, but Pein summoned a stone Panda to block Jiraiya's attack. Pein's bodies regrouped after Jiraiya's attacks and prepared to attack, but Jiraiya disappeared. Pein knew that Jiraiya was hiding in the surrounding pipes and ran along-side them, listening. He heard Jiraiya's summons croaking and chased after. Pein found Jiraiya but was ambushed by Jiraiya's shadow clone, Hungry Ghost attempted to protect the others from Jiraiya's fire technique but was engulfed and temporarily unable to see, then Hell was trapped, leaving only Beast and Jiraiya.

Beast tried to summon but Jiraiya stopped him, Jiraiya then lectured him saying how he's never supposed to underestimate his opponent. Jiraiya's summons' genjutsu started to take effect and Jiraiya told him that this genjutsu paralyzes the body and mind. With Pein(s) trapped in the genjutsu, Jiraiya stabbed each of the bodies through the heart. Jiraiya then started to leave, believing the fight was over, but Pein's other bodies were waiting and one attacked Jiraiya from behind a few moments later, saying that Jiraiya supposedly taught him not to underestimate his opponent, another body then resurrected the other three bodies. Jiraiya, now missing an arm as a result of the ambush, asked how they all six of them had the Rinnegan. Pein simply answered "Pein is used to refer to all six of us."

Six Paths of Pein

Jiraiya escapes into a summoned frog's stomach, but Beast managed to follow him there and stabbed Jiraiya in the right arm and shoulder... unfortunately for Beast however, he was submerged in the frog's stomach acid in the struggle with Jiraiya and died, one of Jiraiya's summons then takes that body to Tsunade. It would be revealed that all of Pein's bodies are ninjas Jiraiya encountered before. After Jiraiya left the sanctuary of the frog stomach to make sure, the 5 other Peins dog-piled him, crushing his throat in the process.

Pein had successfully impaled Jiraiya in the back with 5 spikes and was starting to leave when he realized that Jiraiya started moving. He saw Jiraiya write a message onto one of his summon's back and quickly chased after it, in the pursuit the island that Jiraiya was on crumbled and Jiraiya sank to the depths below. Although the toad got away, Pein praised his former sensei saying that Jiraiya would had won if he knew his secret. Pein then announces that he's aware of Zetsu's presence. One half of Zetsu wonders why it took Pein so long, but the other side of Zetsu interjects that he was fighting Jiraiya.

New Pein

Powers/Techniques

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All but one of Pein's bodies possess a single powerful Jutsu aside from basic ninja techniques, such as Substitution. The abilities they share are spikes that extend from their arms, shared vision, and possession (likely due to the spikes). The jutsus we've seen are:

Body 1: Summoning

Body 2: Ninjutsu Absorption

Body 3: Unknown

Body 4: Arm Rockets

Body 5: Resurrection

Body 6: Nine Mystical Dragon Seal, Shape Shifter, Holographic Projection.