@Obtrusive: It is weighed through its mass. Space by itself doesn't have gravity to measure a celestial object, so Earth actually weighs nothing. - In space. But by using its mass and placing Earth on top of another Earth (if possible), the other Earth would feel the pressure of weight on top of it. But if the Earth is sitting on top of the Sun's surface it would weigh more than it would laying on a twin Earth. If the Earth were on top of the moon, it would weigh less. but since we generalize or rather more familiarized with weigh measured in Earth, we would use Earth = 1 times the gravity.
But back to this:
Does the earth weigh the same as it did multiple thousands of years ago?
Weightless... (in space)
Some sextillion tons (on Earth) As did it some thousands of years ago. Give or take a million tons during a cycle.
Does the earth weigh the same if it supports 8 billion people vs only 3 billion?
Yes, because people materialize from Earth. (unless you're an alien from space)
Separate note:
There were 3 Billion people on Earth in 1980
So giant rocks or even tiny space debris being collected from space via the planet's gravitational pull is the only thing that would make our planet "gain more weight". If you count energy like the kinetic energy of our cores spin. It produces energy expanding out (the magnetic field or Magnetosphere), but those energies that are floating upward from the core and into space are replenished by the stuff we take in from space. like cosmic dust or light photons from he sun. I'd say the Earth probably fluctuates weight by a million tons back and forth during time cycle.
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